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Einstein's miracle year — Annus Mirabilis
In 1905, 26-year-old Albert Einstein published four papers that upended physics: special relativity, E=mc², the explanation of the photoelectric effect (future Nobel Prize) and Brownian motion.
Science
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First Russian Revolution of 1905
In January 1905, 'Bloody Sunday' — the shooting of a peaceful demonstration in St. Petersburg — triggered the first Russian revolution. Nicholas II was forced to issue the October Manifesto, establishing the State Duma.
History
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E = mc² — the most famous formula
The mass-energy equivalence formula E=mc² changed the understanding of matter. The speed of light squared (~9×10¹⁶) means a tiny amount of mass equals colossal energy. This opened the path to nuclear energy.
Science